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IRS Issues Revised Foreign Account Reporting Form
October 2008
Scott Michel

    In an unanticipated development, the IRS posted on its website on September 30, 2008, a new version of Treasury Department Form 90-22.1, named “Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts,” and known as the “FBAR.” The FBAR has been the focus of increasing practitioner attention as a result of IRS efforts to publicize its filing requirements and because of ongoing investigations involving Americans who have undeclared foreign accounts at LGT Bank of Liechtenstein, UBS, and other institutions. This recent activity has included the service of a “John Doe” summons on UBS for a list of American account holders, the plea agreement of a Geneva-based UBS private banker, and hearings held by the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations into the problem of undeclared accounts. 

    The FBAR is not a tax form. It is a creation of the Bank Secrecy Act, 31 U.S.C. § 5314, which, with its associated regulations, requires any U.S. person with signature authority or a financial interest in a foreign bank or financial account to file an information return with the Treasury Department by June 30 of the succeeding calendar year. The filing requirement applies to corporations and individuals, although there are special rules for large corporations that permit abbreviated filings with an explicit commitment to provide more information on request. 

    There are criminal sanctions and substantial civil penalties for any “willful” failure to file the FBAR, up to as much as 50% of the balance of an undeclared account, per year, for forms due after a legislative change in October 2004. 31 U.S.C. §§ 5321, 5322. As it has ramped up enforcement activity against Americans with undeclared offshore accounts, the IRS, which is delegated the authority to enforce the FBAR provisions, has made it a point to publicize the filing requirement. On June 17, 2008, two weeks prior to this year’s FBAR deadline, the Service issued I.R. 2008-79, reminding taxpayers and practitioners of the obligation to file the FBAR. This article will identify substantive changes in the FBAR form and instructions that appear in part to be a reaction to recent enforcement activity.

The Best Lawyers in America 2009 Ranks Caplin & Drysdale as #1 in Tax Law
October 2008

Caplin & Drysdale was ranked #1 in the District of Columbia in Tax Law by The Best Lawyers in America 2009. 12 attorneys were also named as Best Lawyers in nine practice areas.

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Credit Default Swaps & the Bankrupt Counterparty - Entering the Undiscovered Country
September 2008
James Wehner

The credit default swap (“CDS”) has never been tested in bankruptcy proceedings on any significant scale, particularly under recent amendments to the Bankruptcy Code. In part, this is because the CDS market is a very recent phenomenon. CDS market participants also make considerable efforts to avoid holding a credit default swap where the counterparty has gone into bankruptcy. But with the deterioration of the credit markets since mid-2007, the bailouts of Bear Stearns, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac, and most recently the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers and the federal takeover of AIG, CDS market participants will confront counterparty bankruptcy and a variety of issues of first impression.

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Separating Exempt-Purpose & Non-Exempt-Purpose Activities
September/October 2008
Nancy Kuhn

    Exempt organizations of all types are increasingly turning to activities outside of their exempt-purpose functions to support their charitable or other exempt-purpose activities. Traditional fundraising is being supplemented or replaced with a variety of business activities. As long as these activities are structured appropriately, the tax ramifications will be manageable and the support often will be obtained more efficiently than it could through the more typical fundraising letters, auctions, and other donor appeals. Hence, it is now common for exempt organizations engaging in such activities to create various organizational structures to separate exempt-purpose and non-exempt-purpose functions, minimize tax liability, and accomplish other goals. Recognizing this trend, the Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation prepared a study in 2005 regarding a variety of organizational structures for exempt organizations.

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The IRS’s New Whistleblower Program – Another Enforcement Alert for International Business
July 2008
James Mastracchio, Scott Michel

The international business community has witnessed an increase in US tax enforcement activity arising from individual whistleblower claims filed with the US Internal Revenue Service. One such instance recently came to light in press reports about a former employee of LGT bank in Liechtenstein who sold information to the IRS and other tax authorities purporting to reveal the names of hundreds of taxpayers with previously undisclosed assets. While the issue of the disclosures made of LGT account holders has been public for some weeks, the new information is that this individual is represented by a US lawyer and is seeking a reward under an enhanced IRS whistleblower program that will pay substantial amounts, potentially millions, to informants who provide information that leads to the collection of US tax, penalties and other amounts.

Multinational businesses with a US tax presence should consider policies and best practices for company management, corporate accounting, legal, and human resources departments in order to establish appropriate protocol to address a situation involving a potential tax whistleblower. For those companies that have established such policies to address whistleblowers in the context of other regulatory matters, (i.e., FDA, SEC, Environmental, Labor, etc.), pre-existing policies may need to be tailored to include procedures specific to this type of whistleblower claim.

While senior corporate personnel may have always been cognizant that any employee could approach a tax authority with information that leads to an investigation, the playing field is now tilted to encourage such conduct. Tax officials who administer tax compliance structures that interface with the US in any respect should be aware of, and be prepared to react to, this changed environment.


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Conservation Easements Under Fire: A Five-Point Strategy to Defend the Deduction
Maryland Society of Accountants: The Free State Accountant
June 2008
Charles Ruchelman, Leila Carney

Comments by IRS officials and government reports reveal that the IRS is heightening its scrutiny of deductions claimed for the charitable contributions of conservation easements under Internal Revenue Code section 170(h).  The IRS is devoting increased resources and coordinating the issue on a nationwide basis.  Hence, defense of a conservation easement donation deduction must be well-planned and organized.  The IRS’s trained and coordinated staff should not be dismissed lightly, and each step of either the examination, appeals, or litigation process should be thoroughly thought out in order to avoid traps and a barrage of tax, penalties, and interest.

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Voluntary Disclosure Becomes A Necessity
International Tax Review
May 2008
Scott Michel

With heightened and aggressive IRS international enforcement efforts, individuals, companies and tax professionals should seriously consider utilizing IRS's Voluntary Disclosure Policy.

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ALI-ABA Estate Planning Course Materials Journal
March 2008
Lucy Lee

These course materials outline the income tax filing requirements for foreign individuals as mandated by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service.  Some of the topics include determining the residence and classification of a trust, reporting procedures and guidelines of foreign trusts, and potential IRS penalties.

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Tax Crimes: Has the Bright Line Moved?
February 2008
Scott Michel

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The Practical Impact of FIN48 - Is it Moving Abroad?
November 1, 2007
Stafford Smiley

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Developments Aplenty in the KPMG Tax Case: Partial Dismissal, and Court-Ordered Transparency In Entity/Government Negotiations
September 2007
Scott Michel

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Supporting Organization Provisions Of The Pension Protection Act Of 2006
ALI-ABA Estate Planning Course Materials Journal, April 2007
M. Ruth Madrigal

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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert May 2007
Richard Skillman, Seth Green, James Mastracchio

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Blame It on Transparency
Tax Notes, March 5, 2007

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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert February 2007
Cono Namorato, Patricia Lewis

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Charitable Giving Incentives and Reforms in the Pension Protection Act
Taxation of Exempts, January/February 2007
M. Ruth Madrigal

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Penalizing Instigators of Political Campaign Intervention
Tax Analysts, October 30, 2006
Marcus Owens, Natalie Fay Green

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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert October 2006
Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, October 2006
Patricia Lewis, Elizabeth Peters, Christopher Rizek, Rebecca Rosenberg

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D.C. Circuit Extends Supreme Court's Interpretation of 'Derivative Use' Under 'Act of Production' Immunity
Andrews Litigation Reporter: White Collar Crime, September 2006
Scott Michel

This article discusses a 2006 decision by the U. S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia interpreting the act-of-production doctrine under the Fifth Amendment privilege and, in particular, extending the scope of protection afforded by a grant of act-of-production immunity in connection with a witness's production of documents.

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A Rare Look Inside The IRS's Office of Professional Responsibility
Journal Of Tax Practice and Procedure, April/May 2006

This article provides a rare look inside the IRS's Office of Professional Responsibility, outlines some of the more important issues that practitioners should pay particular attention to, and discusses the Office's expanded jurisdiction and new sanctions under the Jobs Act.

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Proposed Cost-Sharing Regulations Issued
Practical US/Domestic Tax Strategies, May 2006
Neal Kochman

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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert May 2006
Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, May 2006
Robert Green

In this edition of TaxAlert, Mr. Green shares his finely honed insights into the vital need for global strategies in resolving tax disputes.

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Deferred Prosecution Agreements: Implications for Corporate Tax Departments
The Tax Executive, January/February 2006
Scott Michel

This article addresses the recent trend toward the use of "deferred prosecution agreements" in disposing of corporate criminal investigations, describes the concept of deferred prosecution and how it has been applied in the tax context, and examines the implications for corporate tax executives and their departments.

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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert
Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, January 2006
Neal Kochman, Christopher Rizek, Joseph Birkenstock

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A New Age in Cost Sharing? The IRS Proposed Regulations
Tax Management International Journal, December 9, 2005
Neal Kochman

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Tax Planning for Involuntary Conversions
Tax Notes, October 3, 2005

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August 2005
Re:Cap, August 2005

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Enhanced IRS Enforcement and the Voluntary Disclosure Policy
International Law Office, August 2005
Richard Timbie, Scott Michel

This article notes the increasing IRS enforcement scrutiny of US taxpayers with foreign accounts or foreign source income, and recommends that non-US tax practitioners review their clients' affairs and evaluate whether a "voluntary disclosure" to US tax authorities might be appropriate.

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I'll Pay, but Let's Not Call It a Fine: Code Sec. 162(f) Issues in Structuring Settlement Payments - Five Lessons from LTR 200520241
Taxes - The Tax Magazine, July 2005

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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert
Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, June 2005
Neal Kochman, H. Rosenbloom, Patricia Lewis

In this edition of TaxAlert, Ms. Lewis discusses the surprising international implications of the new deferred compensation law, Mr. Kochman discusses new developments on contingent attorney fees, and Mr. Rosenbloom discusses how european court tax decisions could impact U.S. taxpayers' foreign tax credits.

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May 2005
Re:Cap, May 2005

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April 2005
Re:Cap, April 2005

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March 2005
Re:Cap, March 2005

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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert
Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, February 2005
Seth Green, Marcus Owens, Michael Pfeifer

In this edition of TaxAlert, Mr. Green discusses how the IRS provides guidance on repatriations under the new Section 965, Mr. Owens discusses IRS audit plans for private foundations and publicly-supported charities, and Mr. Pfiefer discusses the changes to individual expatriation rules.

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TSUNAMI: NGO’s Response: Now and the Future
Exempt Organizations Tax Review, February 2005
Michael Durham

This article discusses the role of the International NGO Community relief efforts and what preventative measures will be made in the future to alleviate the harmful effects of future disasters.

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February 2005
Re:Cap, February 2005

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Technology Transfer and the New Economy
The Exempt Organization Tax Review, January 2005

This article originally appeared in the Exempt Organization Tax Review, a publication of Tax Analysts.

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January 2005
Re:Cap, January 2005

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, January 2005
James Salles

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Criminal Tax Investigations and Current Year Returns: New Thoughts on a Perennial Issue
White Collar Crime Reporter, December 2004
Scott Michel

Mr. Michel's article addresses one of the more complex and intriguing issues that arise in a criminal tax investigation, the annual requirement that every U.S. taxpayer file a timely, accurate and complete tax return, and the implications of this requirement for the target of the investigation.

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The IRS Office of Professional Responsibility
Business Crime Bulletin, December 2004
Scott Michel

Mr. Michel’s article addresses areas of potential interaction between the IRS Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR), which is charged with regulating professionals who practice before the IRS (mostly lawyers and accountants), and the criminal tax investigative process.

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, December 2004
James Salles

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December 2004
Re:Cap, December 2004

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November 2004
Re:Cap, November 2004

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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert
Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, November 2004
Christopher Rizek

In this edition of TaxAlert, Ms. Katz summarizes a number of international tax matters, Mr. Doran discusses deferred compensation, and Mr. Rizek discusses tax shelter reform.

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October 2004
Re:Cap, October 2004

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Playing by the Rules
Caplin & Drysdale, September 2004 (Published in October 1998)
Thomas Troyer

Handbook on Voter Participation and Education Work for 501(c)(3)Organizations.

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September 2004
Re:Cap, September 2004

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, September 2004
James Salles

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Politics and the Pulpit
Tax Notes, September 22, 2004

Another election season is upon us and with it a flurry of information — and misinformation — about what churches and other religious organizations can and cannot do. Fortunately for religious leaders, the law is relatively clear.

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U.S. Issues Guidance on Apportionment of Charitable Contributions to U.S.-Source Income
Tax Notes International, August 9, 2004
Rebecca Rosenberg

New temporary and proposed regulations issued on July 27, 2004, affect the apportionament of charitable deductions between U.S.- and foreign-source income.

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Russia: A "Virtual" Democracy
The Exempt Organization Tax Review, August 2004

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, August 2004
James Salles

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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert
Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, July 2004
Lloyd Mayer, Richard Timbie, Patricia Lewis, Scott Michel

In this edition of Tax Alert, Ms. Lewis discusses the first of several important new guidance items expected this year in the transfer pricing arena. Mr. Michel and Mr. Timbie address the IRS devoting substantial resources to investigate individuals who have offshore financial accounts. Mr. Mayer talks about current development for exempt organizations. Mr. Cerny highlights several important events that occurred during his recent trip to Russia where he advised on specific revisions to their nonprofit tax laws.

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June 2004
Re:Cap, June 2004

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But I Don't Sell Tax Shelters! The Expanding Reach of the Code Sec. 6700 Promoter Penalty
Taxes - The Tax Magazine, June 2004

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TNI Interview: H. David Rosenbloom
Tax Notes International, May 10, 2004
H. Rosenbloom

Tax Notes International interviews Caplin & Drysdale attorney H. David Rosenbloom as part of its series of interviews with people who have had an impact on international taxation.

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April 2004
Re:Cap, April 2004

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Caplin & Drysdale TaxAlert
Caplin & Drysdale TaxAlert, April 2004
Christopher Rizek, Daniel Rosenbaum, Kirk Jowers

In this edition of TaxAlert, Mr. Rosenbaum discusses Section 6700. Mr. Rizek discusses taxpayers concerns on how to maintain the confidentiality of sensitive information once it is turned over a Congressional committee so that it is not "redisclosed" to other third parties. Mr. Jowers explains the impact of the bipartisan campaign reform act on tax exempt organizations.

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Banes of an Income Tax: Legal Fictions, Elections, Hypothetical Determinations, Related Party Debt*
The Sydney Law Review, March 2004
H. Rosenbloom

This paper examines the U.S. tax treatment of 'related party debt,'especially in transactions involving entities under common control.

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Think About Subpart F: The Domestic Base Company
The Tax Magazine, March 2004
H. Rosenbloom

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March 2004
Re:Cap, March 2004

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India: Great Potential and Promise
The Exempt Organization Tax Review, February 2004

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February 2004
Re:Cap, February 2004

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January 2004
Re:Cap, January 2004

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Banes of an Income Tax: Legal Fictions, Elections, Hypothetical Determinations, And Related Party Debt
Tax Notes International, December 15, 2003
H. Rosenbloom

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Why Not Des Moines? A Fresh Entry in the Subpart F Debate
Tax Notes International, December 8, 2003
H. Rosenbloom

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Markers and Musings: The Proposed Section 482 Service Regulations
The Tax Executive, November/December 2003
Patricia Lewis

Originally published in the November-December 2003 issue of The Tax Executive. Reprinted with permission by Tax Executives Institute and the authors.

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December 2003
Re:Cap, December 2003

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Corporate Tax Departments and the New Focus on Corporate Criminality
The Tax Executive, November/December 2003
Scott Michel

Originally published in the November-December 2003 issue of The Tax Executive. Reprinted with permission by Tax Executives Institute and the authors.

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, November 2003
James Salles

This month's column discusses United States v. Brown, in which the Tenth Circuit upheld the regulations under section 468B(g) concerning "qualified settlement funds.

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Caplin & Drysdale TaxAlert
Caplin & Drysdale TaxAlert, November 2003
Christopher Rizek, Lloyd Mayer, James Salles, Patricia Lewis

In this edition of TaxAlert, Caplin & Drysdale lawyers summarize a number of recent Government actions that may have significance for your own work on current tax issues.

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November 2003
Re:Cap, November 2003

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, October 2003
James Salles

The tax accounting column discusses recent administrative guidance, including temporary regulations rewriting the rules for the "nonaccrual experience method" under section 448(d)(5), and the treatment of tax-exempt employers' option plans in the final regulations under section 457.

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October 2003
Re:Cap, October 2003

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An Awakening Giant: China and the New Civil Society
The Exempt Organization Tax Review, October 2003

The article discusses the formation, regulation and tax aspects of nongovernmental organizations in the developing nonprofit sector of China.

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Russia in Transition
The Exempt Organization Tax Review, September 2003

This first of a two-part article examines the current state of the law of charitable organizations in the Russian Federation.

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, September 2003
James Salles

This month's column discusses the Tax Court's redetermination of swaps' market value in Bank One, and the Eighth Circuit's recent holding that changing a property's MACRS classification is not a change in accounting method.

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September 2003
Re:Cap, September 2003

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, August 2003
James Salles

The tax accounting column discusses the latest proposed regulations on “split-dollar” life insurance arrangements, proposed changes to the “spread periods” for certain accounting method changes, and a new IRS ruling allowing utilities to treat the proceeds of certain fuel surcharges as loans.

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August 2003
Re:Cap, August 2003

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Testimony of David Rosenbloom Before the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance
Committee on Finance, United States Senate, July 15, 2003
H. Rosenbloom

David Rosenbloom expresses his views on "U.S. Tax Policy and Its Effect on the International Competitveness of U.S.-Owned Foreign Operations." His testimony describes a context in which the international tax issues facing the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance might be considered.

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, July 2003
James Salles

In part two of the May 2003 column, this month's tax accounting column discusses capitalizing taxpayer’s internal costs (employee labor and overhead) under the case law and the proposed “INDOPCO regulations.”

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July 2003
Re:Cap, July 2003

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If I Had a Hammer
Legal Times, September 2003
Scott Michel

Buildable Hours works with Habitat for Humanity to give families a new home.

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June 2003
Re:Cap, June 2003

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Codification of Economic Substance
Caplin & Drysdale Memorandum, May 7, 2003
Christopher Rizek

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Summary of Effect of McConnell v. FEC Panel Decision on the Provisions Affecting Tax-Exempt Organizations in the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002
Caplin & Drysdale Memorandum, May 5, 2003
Lloyd Mayer

This memorandum summarizes the campaign finance reform's recent court decision and the effect the decision has on the provisions that most directly impact tax-exempt organizations.

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, May 2003
James Salles

This column discusses capitalization of taxpayers' "internal" costs (employee labor and overhead) in the case law and under the proposed "INDOPCO regulations."

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Tax Law and the First Amendment Meet in National Federation
Taxation of Exempts, May/June 2003
Lloyd Mayer

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May 2003
Re:Cap, May 2003

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April 2003
Re:Cap, April 2003

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Caplin & Drysdale TaxAlert
Caplin & Drysdale TaxAlert, April 2003
Christopher Rizek, Daniel Rosenbaum, Seth Green, Patricia Lewis, Richard Skillman

In this edition of the TaxAlert, Caplin & Drysdale lawyers summarize a number of recent Government actions that may have significance for your own work on current tax issues.

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, April 2003
James Salles

This column discusses the Fifth Circuit's recent decision in Commissioner v. Brookshire Brothers Holding, Inc., in which the Fifth Circuit held that a change in property's classification under MACRS was not a change in accounting method, and also that the Service could not inquire whether a method change in now-barred year was authorized.

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March 2003
Re:Cap, March 2003

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, March 2003
James Salles

This column discusses Revenue Ruling 2003-3, concerning the accrual of tax refunds; Revenue Ruling 2003-10, dealing with receivables subject to customer disputes; new rulings on captive insurance issues; and new guidance under the "nonaccrual experience method" of section 448(d)(5).

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Tax Accounting Monthly Column
Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, February 2003
James Salles

This column discusses Notice 2002-79, proposing a new procedure to replace Revenue Procedure 71-21, which allows deferral of advance payments for services.