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October 2008
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Scott Michel
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| In an unanticipated development, the IRS posted on its website on September 30, 2008, a new version of Treasury Department Form 90-22.1, named “Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts,” and known as the “FBAR.” The FBAR has been the focus of increasing practitioner attention as a result of IRS efforts to publicize its filing requirements and because of ongoing investigations involving Americans who have undeclared foreign accounts at LGT Bank of Liechtenstein, UBS, and other institutions. This recent activity has included the service of a “John Doe” summons on UBS for a list of American account holders, the plea agreement of a Geneva-based UBS private banker, and hearings held by the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations into the problem of undeclared accounts.
The FBAR is not a tax form. It is a creation of the Bank Secrecy Act, 31 U.S.C. § 5314, which, with its associated regulations, requires any U.S. person with signature authority or a financial interest in a foreign bank or financial account to file an information return with the Treasury Department by June 30 of the succeeding calendar year. The filing requirement applies to corporations and individuals, although there are special rules for large corporations that permit abbreviated filings with an explicit commitment to provide more information on request.
There are criminal sanctions and substantial civil penalties for any “willful” failure to file the FBAR, up to as much as 50% of the balance of an undeclared account, per year, for forms due after a legislative change in October 2004. 31 U.S.C. §§ 5321, 5322. As it has ramped up enforcement activity against Americans with undeclared offshore accounts, the IRS, which is delegated the authority to enforce the FBAR provisions, has made it a point to publicize the filing requirement. On June 17, 2008, two weeks prior to this year’s FBAR deadline, the Service issued I.R. 2008-79, reminding taxpayers and practitioners of the obligation to file the FBAR. This article will identify substantive changes in the FBAR form and instructions that appear in part to be a reaction to recent enforcement activity. |
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October 2008
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| Caplin & Drysdale was ranked #1 in the District of Columbia in Tax Law by The Best Lawyers in America 2009. 12 attorneys were also named as Best Lawyers in nine practice areas.
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September 2008
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James Wehner
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| The credit default swap (“CDS”) has never been tested in bankruptcy proceedings on any significant scale, particularly under recent amendments to the Bankruptcy Code. In part, this is because the CDS market is a very recent phenomenon. CDS market participants also make considerable efforts to avoid holding a credit default swap where the counterparty has gone into bankruptcy. But with the deterioration of the credit markets since mid-2007, the bailouts of Bear Stearns, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac, and most recently the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers and the federal takeover of AIG, CDS market participants will confront counterparty bankruptcy and a variety of issues of first impression. |
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September/October 2008
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Nancy Kuhn
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| Exempt organizations of all types are increasingly turning to activities outside of their exempt-purpose functions to support their charitable or other exempt-purpose activities. Traditional fundraising is being supplemented or replaced with a variety of business activities. As long as these activities are structured appropriately, the tax ramifications will be manageable and the support often will be obtained more efficiently than it could through the more typical fundraising letters, auctions, and other donor appeals. Hence, it is now common for exempt organizations engaging in such activities to create various organizational structures to separate exempt-purpose and non-exempt-purpose functions, minimize tax liability, and accomplish other goals. Recognizing this trend, the Staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation prepared a study in 2005 regarding a variety of organizational structures for exempt organizations. |
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July 2008
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James Mastracchio, Scott Michel
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| The international business community has witnessed an increase in US tax enforcement activity arising from individual whistleblower claims filed with the US Internal Revenue Service. One such instance recently came to light in press reports about a former employee of LGT bank in Liechtenstein who sold information to the IRS and other tax authorities purporting to reveal the names of hundreds of taxpayers with previously undisclosed assets. While the issue of the disclosures made of LGT account holders has been public for some weeks, the new information is that this individual is represented by a US lawyer and is seeking a reward under an enhanced IRS whistleblower program that will pay substantial amounts, potentially millions, to informants who provide information that leads to the collection of US tax, penalties and other amounts.
Multinational businesses with a US tax presence should consider policies and best practices for company management, corporate accounting, legal, and human resources departments in order to establish appropriate protocol to address a situation involving a potential tax whistleblower. For those companies that have established such policies to address whistleblowers in the context of other regulatory matters, (i.e., FDA, SEC, Environmental, Labor, etc.), pre-existing policies may need to be tailored to include procedures specific to this type of whistleblower claim.
While senior corporate personnel may have always been cognizant that any employee could approach a tax authority with information that leads to an investigation, the playing field is now tilted to encourage such conduct. Tax officials who administer tax compliance structures that interface with the US in any respect should be aware of, and be prepared to react to, this changed environment. |
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Maryland Society of Accountants: The Free State Accountant
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June 2008
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Charles Ruchelman, Leila Carney
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| Comments by IRS officials and government reports reveal that the IRS is heightening its scrutiny of deductions claimed for the charitable contributions of conservation easements under Internal Revenue Code section 170(h). The IRS is devoting increased resources and coordinating the issue on a nationwide basis. Hence, defense of a conservation easement donation deduction must be well-planned and organized. The IRS’s trained and coordinated staff should not be dismissed lightly, and each step of either the examination, appeals, or litigation process should be thoroughly thought out in order to avoid traps and a barrage of tax, penalties, and interest.
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International Tax Review
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May 2008
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Scott Michel
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| With heightened and aggressive IRS international enforcement efforts, individuals, companies and tax professionals should seriously consider utilizing IRS's Voluntary Disclosure Policy. |
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March 2008
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Lucy Lee
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| These course materials outline the income tax filing requirements for foreign individuals as mandated by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. Some of the topics include determining the residence and classification of a trust, reporting procedures and guidelines of foreign trusts, and potential IRS penalties. |
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February 2008
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Scott Michel
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November 1, 2007
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Stafford Smiley
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September 2007
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Scott Michel
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ALI-ABA Estate Planning Course Materials Journal, April 2007
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M. Ruth Madrigal
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Richard Skillman, Seth Green, James Mastracchio
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Tax Notes, March 5, 2007
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Cono Namorato, Patricia Lewis
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Taxation of Exempts, January/February 2007
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M. Ruth Madrigal
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Tax Analysts, October 30, 2006
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Marcus Owens, Natalie Fay Green
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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, October 2006
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Patricia Lewis, Elizabeth Peters, Christopher Rizek, Rebecca Rosenberg
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Andrews Litigation Reporter: White Collar Crime, September 2006
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Scott Michel
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| This article discusses a 2006 decision by the U. S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia interpreting the act-of-production doctrine under the Fifth Amendment privilege and, in particular, extending the scope of protection afforded by a grant of act-of-production immunity in connection with a witness's production of documents. |
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Journal Of Tax Practice and Procedure, April/May 2006
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| This article provides a rare look inside the IRS's Office of Professional Responsibility, outlines some of the more important issues that practitioners should pay particular attention to, and discusses the Office's expanded jurisdiction and new sanctions under the Jobs Act. |
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Practical US/Domestic Tax Strategies, May 2006
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Neal Kochman
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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, May 2006
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Robert Green
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| In this edition of TaxAlert, Mr. Green shares his finely honed insights into the vital need for global strategies in resolving tax disputes. |
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The Tax Executive, January/February 2006
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Scott Michel
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| This article addresses the recent trend toward the use of "deferred prosecution agreements" in disposing of corporate criminal investigations, describes the concept of deferred prosecution and how it has been applied in the tax context, and examines the implications for corporate tax executives and their departments. |
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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, January 2006
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Neal Kochman, Christopher Rizek, Joseph Birkenstock
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Tax Management International Journal, December 9, 2005
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Neal Kochman
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Tax Notes, October 3, 2005
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Re:Cap, August 2005
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International Law Office, August 2005
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Richard Timbie, Scott Michel
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| This article notes the increasing IRS enforcement scrutiny of US taxpayers with foreign accounts or foreign source income, and recommends that non-US tax practitioners review their clients' affairs and evaluate whether a "voluntary disclosure" to US tax authorities might be appropriate. |
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Taxes - The Tax Magazine, July 2005
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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, June 2005
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Neal Kochman, H. Rosenbloom, Patricia Lewis
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| In this edition of TaxAlert, Ms. Lewis discusses the surprising international implications of the new deferred compensation law, Mr. Kochman discusses new developments on contingent attorney fees, and Mr. Rosenbloom discusses how european court tax decisions could impact U.S. taxpayers' foreign tax credits. |
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Re:Cap, May 2005
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Re:Cap, April 2005
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Re:Cap, March 2005
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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, February 2005
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Seth Green, Marcus Owens, Michael Pfeifer
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| In this edition of TaxAlert, Mr. Green discusses how the IRS provides guidance on repatriations under the new Section 965, Mr. Owens discusses IRS audit plans for private foundations and publicly-supported charities, and Mr. Pfiefer discusses the changes to individual expatriation rules. |
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Exempt Organizations Tax Review, February 2005
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Michael Durham
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| This article discusses the role of the International NGO Community relief efforts and what preventative measures will be made in the future to alleviate the harmful effects of future disasters. |
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Re:Cap, February 2005
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The Exempt Organization Tax Review, January 2005
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| This article originally appeared in the Exempt Organization Tax Review, a publication of Tax Analysts. |
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Re:Cap, January 2005
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, January 2005
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James Salles
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White Collar Crime Reporter, December 2004
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Scott Michel
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| Mr. Michel's article addresses one of the more complex and intriguing issues that arise in a criminal tax investigation, the annual requirement that every U.S. taxpayer file a timely, accurate and complete tax return, and the implications of this requirement for the target of the investigation. |
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Business Crime Bulletin, December 2004
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Scott Michel
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| Mr. Michel’s article addresses areas of potential interaction between the IRS Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR), which is charged with regulating professionals who practice before the IRS (mostly lawyers and accountants), and the criminal tax investigative process. |
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, December 2004
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James Salles
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Re:Cap, December 2004
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Re:Cap, November 2004
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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, November 2004
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Christopher Rizek
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| In this edition of TaxAlert, Ms. Katz summarizes a number of international tax matters, Mr. Doran discusses deferred compensation, and Mr. Rizek discusses tax shelter reform. |
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Re:Cap, October 2004
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Caplin & Drysdale, September 2004 (Published in October 1998)
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Thomas Troyer
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| Handbook on Voter Participation and Education Work for 501(c)(3)Organizations. |
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Re:Cap, September 2004
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, September 2004
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James Salles
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Tax Notes, September 22, 2004
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| Another election season is upon us and with it a flurry of information — and misinformation — about what churches and other religious organizations can and cannot do. Fortunately for religious leaders, the law is relatively clear. |
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Tax Notes International, August 9, 2004
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Rebecca Rosenberg
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| New temporary and proposed regulations issued on July 27, 2004, affect the apportionament of charitable deductions between U.S.- and foreign-source income. |
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The Exempt Organization Tax Review, August 2004
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, August 2004
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James Salles
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Caplin & Drysdale Tax Alert, July 2004
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Lloyd Mayer, Richard Timbie, Patricia Lewis, Scott Michel
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| In this edition of Tax Alert, Ms. Lewis discusses the first of several important new guidance items expected this year in the transfer pricing arena. Mr. Michel and Mr. Timbie address the IRS devoting substantial resources to investigate individuals who have offshore financial accounts. Mr. Mayer talks about current development for exempt organizations. Mr. Cerny highlights several important events that occurred during his recent trip to Russia where he advised on specific revisions to their nonprofit tax laws. |
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Re:Cap, June 2004
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Taxes - The Tax Magazine, June 2004
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Tax Notes International, May 10, 2004
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H. Rosenbloom
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| Tax Notes International interviews Caplin & Drysdale attorney H. David Rosenbloom as part of its series of interviews with people who have had an impact on international taxation. |
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Re:Cap, April 2004
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Caplin & Drysdale TaxAlert, April 2004
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Christopher Rizek, Daniel Rosenbaum, Kirk Jowers
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| In this edition of TaxAlert, Mr. Rosenbaum discusses Section 6700. Mr. Rizek discusses taxpayers concerns on how to maintain the confidentiality of sensitive information once it is turned over a Congressional committee so that it is not "redisclosed" to other third parties. Mr. Jowers explains the impact of the bipartisan campaign reform act on tax exempt organizations. |
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The Sydney Law Review, March 2004
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H. Rosenbloom
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| This paper examines the U.S. tax treatment of 'related party debt,'especially in transactions involving entities under common control. |
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The Tax Magazine, March 2004
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H. Rosenbloom
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Re:Cap, March 2004
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The Exempt Organization Tax Review, February 2004
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Re:Cap, February 2004
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Re:Cap, January 2004
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Tax Notes International, December 15, 2003
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H. Rosenbloom
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Tax Notes International, December 8, 2003
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H. Rosenbloom
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The Tax Executive, November/December 2003
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Patricia Lewis
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| Originally published in the November-December 2003 issue of The Tax Executive. Reprinted with permission by Tax Executives Institute and the authors. |
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Re:Cap, December 2003
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The Tax Executive, November/December 2003
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Scott Michel
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| Originally published in the November-December 2003 issue of The Tax Executive. Reprinted with permission by Tax Executives Institute and the authors. |
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, November 2003
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James Salles
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| This month's column discusses United States v. Brown, in which the Tenth Circuit upheld the regulations under section 468B(g) concerning "qualified settlement funds. |
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Caplin & Drysdale TaxAlert, November 2003
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Christopher Rizek, Lloyd Mayer, James Salles, Patricia Lewis
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| In this edition of TaxAlert, Caplin & Drysdale lawyers summarize a number of recent Government actions that may have significance for your own work on current tax issues. |
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Re:Cap, November 2003
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, October 2003
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James Salles
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| The tax accounting column discusses recent administrative guidance, including temporary regulations rewriting the rules for the "nonaccrual experience method" under section 448(d)(5), and the treatment of tax-exempt employers' option plans in the final regulations under section 457. |
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Re:Cap, October 2003
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The Exempt Organization Tax Review, October 2003
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| The article discusses the formation, regulation and tax aspects of nongovernmental organizations in the developing nonprofit sector of China. |
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The Exempt Organization Tax Review, September 2003
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| This first of a two-part article examines the current state of the law of charitable organizations in the Russian Federation. |
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, September 2003
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James Salles
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| This month's column discusses the Tax Court's redetermination of swaps' market value in Bank One, and the Eighth Circuit's recent holding that changing a property's MACRS classification is not a change in accounting method. |
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Re:Cap, September 2003
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, August 2003
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James Salles
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| The tax accounting column discusses the latest proposed regulations on “split-dollar” life insurance arrangements, proposed changes to the “spread periods” for certain accounting method changes, and a new IRS ruling allowing utilities to treat the proceeds of certain fuel surcharges as loans. |
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Re:Cap, August 2003
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Committee on Finance, United States Senate, July 15, 2003
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H. Rosenbloom
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| David Rosenbloom expresses his views on "U.S. Tax Policy and Its Effect on the International Competitveness of U.S.-Owned Foreign Operations." His testimony describes a context in which the international tax issues facing the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance might be considered. |
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, July 2003
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James Salles
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| In part two of the May 2003 column, this month's tax accounting column discusses capitalizing taxpayer’s internal costs (employee labor and overhead) under the case law and the proposed “INDOPCO regulations.” |
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Re:Cap, July 2003
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Legal Times, September 2003
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Scott Michel
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| Buildable Hours works with Habitat for Humanity to give families a new home. |
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Re:Cap, June 2003
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Caplin & Drysdale Memorandum, May 7, 2003
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Christopher Rizek
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Caplin & Drysdale Memorandum, May 5, 2003
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Lloyd Mayer
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| This memorandum summarizes the campaign finance reform's recent court decision and the effect the decision has on the provisions that most directly impact tax-exempt organizations. |
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, May 2003
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James Salles
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| This column discusses capitalization of taxpayers' "internal" costs (employee labor and overhead) in the case law and under the proposed "INDOPCO regulations." |
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Taxation of Exempts, May/June 2003
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Lloyd Mayer
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Re:Cap, May 2003
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Re:Cap, April 2003
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Caplin & Drysdale TaxAlert, April 2003
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Christopher Rizek, Daniel Rosenbaum, Seth Green, Patricia Lewis, Richard Skillman
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| In this edition of the TaxAlert, Caplin & Drysdale lawyers summarize a number of recent Government actions that may have significance for your own work on current tax issues. |
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, April 2003
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James Salles
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| This column discusses the Fifth Circuit's recent decision in Commissioner v. Brookshire Brothers Holding, Inc., in which the Fifth Circuit held that a change in property's classification under MACRS was not a change in accounting method, and also that the Service could not inquire whether a method change in now-barred year was authorized. |
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Re:Cap, March 2003
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, March 2003
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James Salles
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| This column discusses Revenue Ruling 2003-3, concerning the accrual of tax refunds; Revenue Ruling 2003-10, dealing with receivables subject to customer disputes; new rulings on captive insurance issues; and new guidance under the "nonaccrual experience method" of section 448(d)(5). |
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Corporate Business Taxation Monthly, February 2003
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James Salles
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| This column discusses Notice 2002-79, proposing a new procedure to replace Revenue Procedure 71-21, which allows deferral of advance payments for services. |
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